Behavioral characteristics of the Apuan Alps Dog: a pilot study

Abstract

The Apuan Alps Dog, an ancient breed from Tuscany and Liguria, was evaluated behaviorally using the Italian version of the C-BARQ. A total of 141 questionnaires were collected, with items grouped into 12 subscales. The results revealed high trainability (3.9/5), strong attachment and attention-seeking behavior (3.5/5), and elevated excitability (2.15/4), while scores for aggression and fear remained low. These traits reflect the breed’s herding origins, characterized by arousal and responsiveness, while also supporting its increasing role as a companion dog. Nevertheless, its exuberance may present challenges for inexperienced owners.