Behavioral analysis of the Czechoslovakian Wolfdog using the C-barq questionnaire

Abstract

The Czechoslovakian Wolfdog (CWD) is a recently established hybrid breed with limited behavioral data available. Using the validated Italian version of the C-BARQ questionnaire, this study assessed 204 CWDs (103 males, 101 females; 74% intact, 26% neutered/spayed). Results indicate high trainability (mean 2.86/5) and very low owner-directed aggression (0.28/4). However, sex and reproductive status influenced several traits. Males were more possessive of objects (p = 0.0065), excitable when visitors arrived (p = 0.011), and prone to attachment behaviors, such as following the owner (p = 0.045) or reacting to owner affection toward others (p = 0.0006). Neutered males displayed significantly higher stranger-directed aggression (p = 0.0019), while dog-directed aggression averaged 2.05/4, mainly expressed by males toward unfamiliar males (p < 0.0001). Fear-related behaviors were generally low across groups. Overall, the CWD emerges as a trainable, adaptable breed, though management should consider sex- and status-related differences, particularly in male aggression and attachment.